Analysis of GATE 2011 – Instrumentation Engg
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About GATE
Graduate Aptitude Test
in Engineering (GATE) is an all India examination administered and conducted
jointly by the Indian Institute of Science and seven Indian Institutes of
Technology on behalf of the National Coordination Board – GATE, Department of
Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government of
India.
The GATE committee,
which comprises of representatives from the administering institutes, is the
sole authority for regulating the examination and declaring the results.
GATE is conducted
through the constitution of eight zones. The zones and the corresponding
administrative institutes are:
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors.
Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives,
Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector
identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals,
Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems.
Differential equations: First order equation
(linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with
constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy's and
Euler's equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial
Differential Equations and variable separable method.
Complex variables:
Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem and integral formula,
Taylor's and Laurent' series, Residue theorem, solution integrals.
Probability and Statistics:
Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and
standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous
distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation
and regression analysis.
Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential equations.
Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.
INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING
Basics of Circuits and Measurement Systems:
Kirchoff's laws, mesh and nodal Analysis. Circuit theorems. One-port
and two-port Network Functions. Static and dynamic characteristics of
Measurement Systems. Error and uncertainty analysis. Statistical analysis of data and curve fitting.
Transducers, Mechanical Measurement and Industrial Instrumentation: Resistive, Capacitive, Inductive and piezoelectric transducers
and their signal conditioning. Measurement of displacement, velocity
and acceleration (translational and rotational), force, torque,
vibration and shock. Measurement of pressure, flow, temperature and
liquid level. Measurement of pH, conductivity, viscosity and humidity.
Analog Electronics:
Characteristics of diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET. Diode circuits.
Transistors at low and high frequencies, Amplifiers, single and
multi-stage. Feedback amplifiers. Operational amplifiers,
characteristics and circuit configurations. Instrumentation amplifier. Precision rectifier. V-to-I and I-to-V converter. Op-Amp based active filters. Oscillators and signal generators.
Digital Electronics:
Combinational logic circuits, minimization of Boolean functions. IC
families, TTL, MOS and CMOS. Arithmetic circuits. Comparators, Schmitt
trigger, timers and mono-stable multi-vibrator. Sequential circuits,
flip-flops, counters, shift registers. Multiplexer, S/H circuit.
Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog converters. Basics of number
system. Microprocessor applications, memory and input-output
interfacing. Microcontrollers.
Signals, Systems and Communications: Periodic and aperiodic signals. Impulse response, transfer function and frequency response of first- and second order systems. Convolution, correlation and characteristics of linear time invariant systems.
Discrete time system, impulse and frequency response. Pulse transfer
function. IIR and FIR filters. Amplitude and frequency modulation and
demodulation. Sampling theorem, pulse code modulation. Frequency and
time division multiplexing. Amplitude shift keying, frequency shift
keying and pulse shift keying for digital modulation.
Electrical and Electronic Measurements:
Bridges and potentiometers, measurement of R,L and C. Measurements of
voltage, current, power, power factor and energy. A.C & D.C current
probes. Extension of instrument ranges. Q-meter and waveform analyzer.
Digital voltmeter and multi-meter. Time, phase and frequency
measurements. Cathode ray oscilloscope. Serial and parallel
communication. Shielding and grounding.
Control Systems and Process Control:
Feedback principles. Signal flow graphs. Transient Response,
steady-state-errors. Routh and Nyquist criteria. Bode plot, root loci.
Time delay systems. Phase and gain margin. State space representation of systems. Mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic system components. Synchro pair, servo and step motors. On-off, cascade, P, P-I, P-I-D, feed forward and derivative controller, Fuzzy controllers.
Analytical, Optical and Biomedical Instrumentation:
Mass spectrometry. UV, visible and IR spectrometry. X-ray and nuclear
radiation measurements. Optical sources and detectors, LED, laser,
Photo-diode, photo-resistor and their characteristics. Interferometers,
applications in metrology. Basics of fiber optics. Biomedical
instruments, EEG, ECG and EMG. Clinical measurements. Ultrasonic transducers and Ultrasonography. Principles of Computer Assisted Tomography.
Instrumentation Engineering
Engineering Mathematics
- Linear Algebra
- Calculus
- Complex Analysis
- Vector Calculus
- Differential Equations
- Probability - I
- Probability (continued)
- Numerical Methods
- Fourier Transform
- Laplace Transform
- Z-Transform
Transform Theory
Basics of Circuits and Measurement Systems
- AC circuits
- Analogue Circuits and Devices
- Basic electrical theory
- Circuits AC
- Circuit analysis
- Circuit Analysis Techniques
- Circuit theory
Basics of Circuits and Measurement Systems
- AC circuits
- Analogue Circuits and Devices
- Basic electrical theory
- Circuits AC
- Circuit analysis
- Circuit Analysis Techniques
- Circuit theory
Linear AlgebraIntroduction to Matrices
- Introduction and Basic Operations
- Matrix Multiplication
- Algebraic Properties of Matrix Operations
- Invertible Matrices
- Special Matrices: Triangular, Symmetric, Diagonal
- Elementary Operations for Matrices
- Matrix Exponential
- Applications:
- Application of Invertible Matrices: Coding
- Complex numbers as Matrices
- Markov Chains
Systems of Linear Equations
- System of Equations: An Introduction
- Systems of Linear Equations: Gaussian Elimination
- Systems of linear equations in Two variables.
- Systems of linear equations in Three variables.
- Application of Determinant to Systems: Cramer's Rule
- More Problems on Linear Systems and Matrices
Determinants
- Introduction to Determinants
- Determinants of Matrices of Higher Order
- Determinant and Inverse of Matrices
- Application of Determinant to Systems: Cramer's Rule
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
- Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors: An Introduction
- Computation of Eigenvalues
- Computation of Eigenvectors
- The Case of Complex Eigenvalues
- Diagonalization
